Rudzi rutsva rwebhatiri remotokari dzemagetsiinogona kurarama kwenguva yakareba mukupisa kwakanyanya uye kunotonhora, maererano neongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura.

Masayendisiti anoti mabhatiri aibvumira maEV kuti aende kure nechaji imwe chete mukutonhora kwechando - uye vangave vasingatadze kupisa munzvimbo dzinopisa.

Izvi zvingaguma nekuchaja kushoma kwevatyairi veEV pamwe nekupa iyomabhatirihupenyu hurefu.

Chikwata chekuAmerica chekutsvagisa chakagadzira chinhu chitsva chinopikisa kemikari kune tembiricha yakanyanyisa uye ichiwedzerwa kumabhatiri e-lithium ane simba.

"Unoda kuvhiyiwa kwepamusoro-soro munzvimbo dzine tembiricha inogona kusvika nhamba nhatu uye migwagwa inotowedzera kupisa," akadaro munyori mukuru Muzvinafundo Zheng Chen weYunivhesiti yeCalifornia-San Diego.

“Mumotokari dzemagetsi, mabhatiri anotakura anowanzo ari pasi pevhu, padyo nemigwagwa iyi inopisa.Zvakare, mabhatiri anodziya kubva pakuva nekumhanya-kupfuura panguva yekushanda.

"Kana mabhatiri asingakwanisi kushivirira kupisa uku pakupisa kwakanyanya, kuita kwavo kunokurumidza kuderera."

Mune bepa rakaburitswa neMuvhuro mupepanhau Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vaongorori vanotsanangura kuti mubvunzo, mabhatiri akachengeta sei 87.5 muzana uye 115.9 muzana yesimba ravo pa -40 Celsius (-104 Fahrenheit) uye 50 Celsius (122 Fahrenheit. ) zvichiteerana.

Vaivewo nepamusoro peCoulombic kunyatsoshanda kwe98.2 muzana uye 98.7 muzana zvakateerana, zvichireva kuti mabhatiri anogona kupfuura nekuchaja kwakawanda asati amira kushanda.

Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne electrolyte iyo inogadzirwa ne lithium munyu uye dibutyl ether, mvura isina ruvara inoshandiswa mune kumwe kugadzira semishonga nemishonga yezvipembenene.

Dibutyl ether inobatsira nekuti mamorekuru ayo haatambe bhora ne lithium ions zviri nyore sezvo bhatiri rinomhanya uye rinovandudza mashandiro aro muzasi-zero tembiricha.

Uyezve, dibutyl ether inokwanisa kumira kupisa zviri nyore pakuvira kwayo kwe141 Celsius (285.8 Fahrenheit) zvinoreva kuti inogara iri mvura pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Chii chinoita kuti electrolyte iyi ive yakakosha ndeyekuti inogona kushandiswa ne lithium-salfur bhatiri, iyo inochajiswa uye ine anode yakagadzirwa nelithium uye cathode yakagadzirwa nesarufa.

Anodes uye cathodes zvikamu zvebhatiri izvo magetsi emagetsi anopfuura.

Lithium-sarufa mabhatiri idanho rinotevera rinokosha mumabhatiri eEV nekuti anogona kuchengeta simba rakapetwa kaviri pakirogiramu kupfuura mabhatiri erithium-ion aripo.

Izvi zvinogona kuita kaviri huwandu hweEVs pasina kuwedzera huremu hweiyobhatirirongedza uchichengeta mari yakaderera.

Sarufa zvakare yakawanda uye inokonzera kushomeka kwezvakatipoteredza uye kutambura kwevanhu kune sosi kupfuura cobalt, iyo inoshandiswa mune yechinyakare lithium-ion bhatiri cathodes.

Kazhinji, pane dambudziko remabhatiri e-lithium-sulfur - sulfur cathodes inoshandiswa zvokuti inonyunguduka kana bhatiri richimhanya uye izvi zvinowedzera kuipa pakupisa kwepamusoro.

Uye lithium simbi anode inogona kugadzira tsono-senge zvimiro zvinonzi dendrites zvinogona kubaya zvikamu zvebhatiri nekuti ipfupi-sekiti.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, mabhatiri aya anongogara kusvika kumakumi ematenderedzwa.

Iyo dibutyl ether electrolyte yakagadzirwa neUC-San Diego timu inogadzirisa matambudziko aya, kunyangwe pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Mabhatiri avakayedza aive neakareba kuchovha bhasikoro kupfuura yakajairwa lithium-sarufa bhatiri.

"Kana iwe uchida bhatiri rine simba guru, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa makemikari akaoma zvikuru, akaoma," akadaro Chen.

"Kuwanda kwesimba kunoreva kuti mamwe maitiro ari kuitika, zvinoreva kushoma kugadzikana, kuderera kwakawanda.

"Kugadzira bhatiri rine simba rakasimba iro rakagadzikana ibasa rakaoma pacharo - kuedza kuita izvi kuburikidza nehupamhi hwekushisa kwakatonyanya kuoma.

"Electrolyte yedu inobatsira kuvandudza rutivi rwecathode uye anode side apo ichipa maitiro epamusoro uye kugadzikana kwechiso."

Chikwata chakagadzirawo sulfur cathode kuti inyatsogadzikana nekuibatanidza kune polymer.Izvi zvinodzivirira sarufa yakawanda kubva mukunyungudika mu electrolyte.

Matanho anotevera anosanganisira kukwirisa bhatiri kemikari kuitira kuti ishande patembiricha yakakwira uye inozowedzera hupenyu hwekutenderera.