Rudzi rutsva rwebhatiri remotokari dzemagetsiinogona kurarama kwenguva yakareba mukupisa kwakanyanya uye kutonhora zvakanyanya, zvichienderana neongororo yakaitwa nguva pfupi yadarika.

Masayendisiti anoti mabhatiri aya aizobvumira maEV kufamba kure nekuchaja kamwe chete kana kuchitonhora - uye haazonyanyi kupisa kana kuchipisa.

Izvi zvingaita kuti vatyairi vemotokari dzemagetsi vasachaji kakawanda pamwe nekupamabhatirihupenyu hurefu.

Chikwata chekutsvagisa chekuAmerica chakagadzira chinhu chitsva chinodzivirira zvakanyanya kupisa kwakanyanya uye chinowedzerwa kumabhatiri e lithium ane simba rakawanda.

"Unoda kushanda munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kusvika panhamba nhatu uye migwagwa ichiwedzera kupisa," akadaro munyori mukuru Purofesa Zheng Chen weYunivhesiti yeCalifornia-San Diego.

"Mumotokari dzemagetsi, mabheteri anowanzova pasi pevhu, pedyo nemigwagwa inopisa iyi. Zvakare, mabhatiri anodziya nekuda kwekushanda kwemagetsi."

"Kana mabhatiri asingakwanise kutsungirira kudziya uku pakupisa kwakanyanya, mashandiro awo achakurumidza kudzikira."

Mune chinyorwa chakaburitswa neMuvhuro mujenari reProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vaongorori vanotsanangura kuti mukuyedza, mabhatiri akachengetedza 87.5 muzana uye 115.9 muzana yesimba rawo pa –40 Celsius (–104 Fahrenheit) uye 50 Celsius (122 Fahrenheit) zvichiteerana.

Vaivewo nekushanda kwakanyanya kweCoulombic kwe98.2 muzana uye 98.7 muzana zvichiteerana, zvichireva kuti mabhatiri anogona kupfuura nekuchaja kakawanda asati amira kushanda.

Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne electrolyte inogadzirwa ne lithium salt ne dibutyl ether, mvura isina ruvara inoshandiswa mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakaita semishonga nemishonga yezvipembenene.

Dibutyl ether inobatsira nekuti mamorekuru ayo haatambe nemaion e lithium zviri nyore sezvo bhatiri richifamba uye rinovandudza mashandiro aro mukupisa kuri pasi pe zero.

Uyezve, dibutyl ether inogona kushivirira kupisa painofashaira ye141 Celsius (285.8 Fahrenheit) zvinoreva kuti inoramba iri mvura pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Chinoita kuti electrolyte iyi ive yakakosha ndechekuti inogona kushandiswa nebhatiri re lithium-sulfur, iro rinogona kuchajwazve uye rine anode yakagadzirwa ne lithium uye cathode yakagadzirwa ne sarufa.

Anode nema cathode zvikamu zvebhatiri izvo magetsi emagetsi anopinda.

Mabhatiri eLithium-sulfur inhanho inotevera inokosha mumabhatiri eEV nekuti anogona kuchengetedza simba rakapetwa kaviri pakirogiramu pane mabhatiri eLithium-ion aripo iye zvino.

Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi kaviri pasina kuwedzera huremu hwemotokari.bhatirirongedza uku uchideredza mitengo.

Sarufa yakawandawo uye inokonzera kutambura kushoma kwezvakatipoteredza nevanhu kupfuura cobalt, iyo inoshandiswa muma cathodes emabhatiri e lithium-ion.

Kazhinji, pane dambudziko nemabhatiri e lithium-sulfur - ma cathode e sulfur anobata simba zvakanyanya zvekuti anonyunguduka kana bhatiri richishanda uye izvi zvinowedzera kana tembiricha yakakwira.

Uye lithium metal anodes inogona kugadzira zvivako zvakaita setsono zvinonzi dendrites zvinogona kubaya zvikamu zvebhatiri nekuda kwekuti rinoita short-circuit.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, mabhatiri aya anogara kusvika kumakumi emitambo chete.

Dibutyl ether electrolyte yakagadzirwa nechikwata cheUC-San Diego inogadzirisa matambudziko aya, kunyangwe pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Mabhatiri avakaedza aive achishanda kwenguva yakareba kupfuura bhatiri re lithium-sulfur.

"Kana uchida bhatiri rine simba rakawanda, unofanirwa kushandisa makemikari akaomarara uye akaomarara," akadaro Chen.

"Simba guru rinoreva kuti maitiro akawanda ari kuitika, zvinoreva kusagadzikana kushoma, kuora kwakanyanya."

"Kugadzira bhatiri rine simba rakawanda rakagadzikana ibasa rakaoma pacharo - kuedza kuita izvi kuburikidza nekupisa kwakakura kunotonyanya kuoma."

"Electrolyte yedu inobatsira kuvandudza divi re cathode nedivi re anode ukuwo ichipa conductivity yakakwira uye kugadzikana kwe interfacial."

Chikwata ichi chakagadzirawo cathode yesulfur kuti igare yakasimba nekuibatanidza nepolymer. Izvi zvinodzivirira sarufa yakawanda kuti isanyungudike mu electrolyte.

Matanho anotevera anosanganisira kuwedzera mashandiro ebhatiri kuitira kuti rishande pakupisa kwakanyanya uye riwedzere hupenyu hwebhatiri.