Rechargeable lithium ion mabhatiri anoshandiswa kusimbisa akawanda emagetsi muhupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese, kubva kumalaptops uye mbozhanhare kuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi.Mabhatiri e-lithium ion ari pamusika nhasi anowanzo vimba nemhinduro yemvura, inonzi electrolyte, pakati pesero.

Kana bhatiri richiita mudziyo, lithium ions inofamba kubva painochajwa zvisina kunaka, kana anode, kuburikidza neelectrolyte yemvura, kuenda kumagumo ane chaji, kana cathode.Kana bhatiri richichajwazve, maion anoyerera nerimwe divi kubva pacathode, kuburikidza ne electrolyte, kuenda kune anode.

Lithium ion mabhatiri anovimba nemaelectrolyte emvura ane dambudziko guru rekuchengetedza: anogona kubata moto kana akawandisa kana kupfupika.Imwe nzira yakachengeteka kune mvura electrolytes kugadzira bhatiri rinoshandisa yakasimba electrolyte kutakura lithium ions pakati anode uye cathode.

Nekudaro, ongororo dzakapfuura dzakawana kuti yakasimba electrolyte yakatungamira kudiki simbi kukura, inonzi dendrites, iyo inovaka pane anode apo bhatiri raichaja.Aya ma dendrites mapfupi anotenderera mabhatiri pamhepo yakaderera, achiita kuti asashande.

Dendrite kukura kunotanga padiki zvikanganiso mu electrolyte pamuganhu pakati electrolyte uye anode.Masayendisiti muIndia achangobva kuwana nzira yekudzikisa kukura kwedendrite.Nekuwedzera simbi yakatetepa pakati pe electrolyte uye anode, vanogona kumisa dendrites kubva kukura kuva anode.

Masayendisiti akasarudza kudzidza aruminiyamu netungsten sezvinobvira masimbi kuti avake iyi nhete yesimbi.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti hapana aluminium kana tungsten musanganiswa, kana alloy, ine lithium.Masayendisiti aitenda kuti izvi zvaizodzikisa mukana wekukanganisa kuumba mu lithium.Kana simbi yakasarudzwa yakaita alloy ne lithium, mashoma e lithium anogona kufamba musimbi simbi nekufamba kwenguva.Izvi zvingasiya rudzi rwechikanganiso chinonzi void mu lithiamu umo dendrite inogona kuumba.

Kuti uedze kushanda kwesimbi yesimbi, marudzi matatu emabhatiri akaunganidzwa: imwe ine chidimbu chitete chealuminium pakati pe lithium anode uye electrolyte yakasimba, imwe ine tungsten yakaonda, uye imwe isina simbi yesimbi.

Vasati vayedza mabhatiri, masayendisiti akashandisa maikorosikopu ine simba repamusoro, inonzi scanning electron microscope, kutarisa zvakanyanya pamuganho uri pakati peanode ne electrolyte.Vakaona maburi madiki nemaburi mumuenzaniso pasina simbi yesimbi, vachiona kuti zvikanganiso izvi inzvimbo dzekuti dendrites ikure.Ose mabhatiri ane aluminium uye tungsten akaturikidzana aitaridzika akatsetseka uye achienderera.

Mukuedza kwekutanga, magetsi anogara aripo akatenderedzwa nebhatiri rimwe nerimwe kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana.Bhatiri risina metallic layer rakapfupikiswa uye rakatadza mukati memaawa 9 ekutanga, zvichida nekuda kwekukura kwedendrite.Hapana bhatiri rine aruminiyamu kana tungsten rakakundikana pakuedza kwekutanga uku.

Kuti uone kuti ndeipi simbi layer yaive nani pakumisa kukura kwedendrite, kumwezve kuedza kwakaitwa pamasampuli ealuminium uye tungsten layer.Muchiedzo ichi, mabhatiri akatenderedzwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera density yemazuva ano, kutanga panguva ino yakashandiswa mukuedza kwekare uye kuwedzera nekadiki padanho rega rega.

Iyo yazvino density iyo bhatiri pfupi yakatenderera yakatendwa kuve yakakosha ikozvino density yekukura kwedendrite.Bhatiri rine aluminium layer rakatadza katatu kutanga ikozvino, uye bhatiri rine tungsten layer rakatadza nekanopfuura kashanu pane yekutanga ikozvino.Ichi kuyedza chinoratidza kuti tungsten yakapfuura aluminium.

Zvakare, masayendisiti akashandisa scanning electron microscope kuti aongorore muganho pakati pe anode ne electrolyte.Vakaona kuti voids yakatanga kuumbwa musimbi yesimbi pazvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zveiyo yakakosha densities yakayerwa muyedzo yapfuura.Nekudaro, voids vaive vasipo pane chimwe chetatu cheiyo yakakosha density iripo.Izvi zvakasimbisa kuti void formation inoenderera mberi dendrite kukura.

Masayendisiti akabva amhanyisa kuverenga kuti anzwisise kuti lithium inodyidzana sei nesimbi idzi, vachishandisa zvatinoziva nezve mapinduriro anoita tungsten nealuminium kune simba uye tembiricha shanduko.Vakaratidza kuti aluminium layers ine mukana wepamusoro wekuvandudzwa kwemavoids kana uchibatana ne lithium.Kushandisa masvomhu aya kwaizoita kuti zvive nyore kusarudza imwe mhando yesimbi yekuongorora mune ramangwana.

Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti mabhatiri e electrolyte akasimba anovimbika kana simbi yakatetepa yawedzerwa pakati pe electrolyte neanode.Masayendisiti akaratidzawo kuti kusarudza simbi pane imwe, mune iyi kesi tungsten pachinzvimbo chealuminium, inogona kuita kuti mabhatiri atore nguva yakareba.Kuvandudza mashandiro emhando idzi dzemabhatiri kuchavaunza nhanho imwe padyo nekutsiva mabhatiri emagetsi eelectrolyte anobvira pamusika nhasi.