Sekureva kwemutauri pamusangano wezvemabhatiri, “Ungwaru hwekugadzira hunochengetedza bhatiri, iro riri mhuka yemusango.” Zvakaoma kuona shanduko mubhatiri parinoshandiswa; ringave rakachajwa zvizere kana kuti risina chinhu, idzva kana kuti rakasakara uye richida kutsiviwa, rinogara richiratidzika zvakafanana. Kusiyana neizvi, vhiri remotokari rinozokanganisika kana rava mumhepo shoma uye richaratidza kuguma kwaro kana matinji apera.
Zvinhu zvitatu zvinotsanangura matambudziko ebhatiri: [1] mushandisi haana chokwadi chekuti paki yasara kwenguva yakareba sei; [2] mugadziri webhatiri haana chokwadi chekuti bhatiri rinogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nemagetsi here; uye [3] charger inofanira kugadziriswa zvichienderana nehukuru hwebhatiri rega rega uye kemikari yaro. Bhatiri "rakangwara" rinovimbisa kugadzirisa zvimwe zvezvikanganiso izvi, asi mhinduro dzacho dzakaoma kunzwisisa.
Vanoshandisa mabhatiri vanowanzo funga nezvebhatiri senzira yekuchengetedza simba inoburitsa mafuta emvura setangi remafuta. Bhatiri rinogona kuonekwa serakadaro nekuda kwekureruka, asi kuverenga simba rinochengetwa mumudziyo wemagetsi kwakaoma zvikuru.
Sezvo bhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa rinodzora mashandiro ebhatiri re lithium riripo, lithium inoonekwa sebhatiri rakangwara. Zvisinei, bhatiri re lead acid rakavharirwa harina simba rekugadzirisa mashandiro aro.
Chii chinonzi bhatiri rakangwara?
Bhatiri chero ripi zvaro rine sisitimu yekutarisira mabhatiri yakavakirwa mukati rinoonekwa serakangwara. Rinowanzo shandiswa muzvishandiso zvemagetsi, kusanganisira makombiyuta nemagetsi anotakurika. Bhatiri rakangwara rine circuit yemagetsi mukati uye masensa anogona kutarisa hunhu hwakaita sehutano hwemushandisi pamwe nevoltage uye mazinga emagetsi uye kuendesa kuverenga ikoko kuchishandiso.
Mabhatiri akangwara ane kugona kuziva mamiriro avo ezvinhu uye mamiriro ehutano, ayo mudziyo unogona kuwana kuburikidza nekubatanidza data kwakakosha. Bhatiri rakangwara, kusiyana nebhatiri risiri rakangwara, rinogona kuendesa ruzivo rwese rwakakosha kumuchina nemushandisi, zvichiita kuti sarudzo dzakakodzera dziitwe. Bhatiri risiri rakangwara, kune rumwe rutivi, harina nzira yekuzivisa mudziyo kana mushandisi nezvemamiriro aro, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kushanda kusingatarisirwi. Semuenzaniso, bhatiri rinogona kuzivisa mushandisi kana richida kuchajiwa kana kuti parinenge rava pedyo nekuguma kwehupenyu hwaro kana kuti rakakuvara nenzira ipi zvayo kuitira kuti rimwe rinotsiva rigone kutengwa. Rinogonawo kuzivisa mushandisi kana richida kutsiviwa. Nekuita izvi, kusaziva kwakawanda kunokonzerwa nemidziyo yekare—iyo inogona kusashanda zvakanaka panguva dzakakosha—kunogona kudzivirirwa.
Tsanangudzo yeBhatiri Rakangwara
Kuti chigadzirwa chishande zvakanaka, kuchengetedzeka, uye kushanda zvakanaka, bhatiri, charger yakangwara, uye mudziyo wehost zvese zvinotaurirana. Semuenzaniso, bhatiri rakangwara rinofanira kuchajwa kana zvichidikanwa pane kuiswa pasystem yehost kuti rishandiswe simba nguva dzose. Mabhatiri akangwara anogara achitarisa kugona kwawo pakuchaja, kuburitsa, kana kuchengeta. Kuti aone shanduko mukupisa kwebhatiri, mwero wekuchaja, mwero wekuburitsa, nezvimwewo, bhatiri rinoshandisa zvinhu zvakati. Mabhatiri akangwara anowanzova nehunhu hunozvienzanisa uye hunochinjika. Kushanda kwebhatiri kuchakuvadzwa nekuchengetwa kwakazara kwekuchaja. Kuti bhatiri ridzivirire, bhatiri rakangwara rinogona kuyerera kusvika pavoltage yekuchengetera sezvinodiwa uye kuita kuti basa rekuchengetedza rakangwara rishande sezvinodiwa.
Nekuiswa kwemabhatiri akangwara, vashandisi, michina, uye bhatiri vese vanogona kutaurirana. Vagadziri nemasangano anotonga vanosiyana pakuti bhatiri ringave "rakangwara" sei. Bhatiri rakangwara rakakosha rinogona kungosanganisira chip inorayira charger yebhatiri kuti ishandise algorithm yekuchaja yakakodzera. Asi, Smart Battery System (SBS) Forum haingarione sebhatiri rakangwara nekuda kwekuda kwaro zviratidzo zvemazuva ano, izvo zvakakosha pakushandisa michina yekurapa, yemauto, uye yemakombiyuta uko pasina mukana wekukanganisa.
Unyanzvi hwesystem hunofanira kunge huri mukati mebhatiri nekuti kuchengetedzeka kuri chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha. Chip inodzora kuchaja kwebhatiri inoshandiswa nebhatiri reSBS, uye inosangana nayo muchimiro chakavharwa. Bhatiri remakemikari rinotumira zviratidzo zveanalogue kuchaja zvinorirayira kuti rimire kuchaja kana bhatiri razara. Zvakawedzerwawo kunzwa tembiricha. Vagadziri vazhinji vemabhatiri akangwara nhasi vanopa tekinoroji yegeji yemafuta inozivikanwa seSystem Management Bus (SMBus), iyo inobatanidza matekinoroji echip eintegrated circuit (IC) mumasisitimu ewaya imwe chete kana maviri.
Dallas Semiconductor Inc. yakaburitsa 1-Wire, sisitimu yekuyera inoshandisa waya imwe chete yekutaurirana nekukurumidza. Data newachi zvinosanganiswa uye zvinotumirwa pamusoro pemutsetse mumwe chete. Pakusvika kwayo, kodhi yeManchester, inozivikanwawo sephase code, inokamura data. Kodhi yebhatiri nedata, zvakaita sevoltage yayo, current, tembiricha, uye SoC, zvinochengetwa uye zvinoteverwa ne1-Wire. Pamabhatiri mazhinji, waya yakasiyana inoona tembiricha inoshandiswa nekuda kwekuchengetedza. Sisitimu iyi inosanganisira charger neprotocol yayo. MuBenchmarq single-wire system, kuongororwa kwemamiriro ehutano (SoH) kunoda "kubatanidza" mudziyo wehost nebhatiri rayo rakapihwa.
1-Wire iri kukumbira masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba anodhura zvishoma akadai semabhatiri ebhaibheri, mabhatiri eredhiyo ane nzira mbiri, uye mabhatiri emauto nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera wemidziyo.
Sisitimu yeBhatiri Yakangwara
Chero bhatiri riripo muchimiro chemuchina unotakurika rinongova sero remagetsi remakemikari "risina musoro". Kuverengwa "kwakatorwa" nemudziyo wemubati kunoshanda sehwaro hwega hwekuyera bhatiri, kufungidzira kugona, uye zvimwe zvisarudzo zvekushandisa simba. Kuverengwa uku kunowanzo enderana nehuwandu hwemagetsi ari kufamba kubva kubhatiri kuburikidza nemudziyo wemubati kana, (zvisiri chaizvo), pakuverenga kunotorwa neCoulomb Counter mumudziyo wemubati. Zvinonyanya kutsamira pakufungidzira.
Asi, nehurongwa hwekugadzirisa simba hwakangwara, bhatiri rinokwanisa "kuzivisa" munhu ari kutambira kuti richine simba rakawanda sei uye kuti rinoda kuchajwa sei.
Kuti chigadzirwa chive chakachengeteka, chinoshanda zvakanaka, uye chinoshanda zvakanaka, bhatiri, charger yakangwara, uye mudziyo wehost zvese zvinotaurirana. Mabhatiri akangwara, semuenzaniso, haaise "draw" inogara iripo uye yakagadzikana pasystem yehost; panzvimbo pezvo, anongokumbira kuchajwa kana achiida. Saka mabhatiri akangwara ane maitiro ekuchaja anoshanda zvakanyanya. Nekupa zano mudziyo wayo wehost kuti udzime riini zvichienderana nekuongorora kwayo kugona kwayo kwasara, mabhatiri akangwara anogona zvakare kuwedzera "runtime per discharge" cycle. Maitiro aya anopfuura michina "isina musoro" inoshandisa set voltage cut-off nepaburi.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, masisitimu anotakurika anoshandisa tekinoroji yebhatiri yakangwara anogona kupa vatengi ruzivo rwakarurama uye runobatsira rwenguva yekushanda. Mumidziyo ine mabasa akakosha, kana kurasikirwa nemagetsi kusiri sarudzo, izvi hazvina mubvunzo kuti zvinonyanya kukosha.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-08-2023